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Protestant Apologetics

Deuteronomy 32:12

OT Law
Deuteronomy 32:12
12The LORD alone led him, and no foreign god was with him.
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JW Usage

Moses's song celebrates "Jehovah alone kept leading him, and there was no foreign god with him" as a statement that Jehovah acted without help during the wilderness years. JWs read it as excluding all other agents from the Exodus and wilderness deliverance — including any pre-human Jesus, who (on the Michael identification) could only have been a created agent.

Protestant Usage

This is the verse that makes Jude 5 and 1 Corinthians 10 explosive. says Jehovah alone led Israel — no foreign god was with him. Then Jude 5 says Jesus is the one who saved the people out of Egypt, destroyed the unbelieving generation, and led the nation through the wilderness (the earliest manuscripts, including P72, Vaticanus, and Alexandrinus, read "Jesus" — preferred by the NA28 critical text). — even in the NWT — says "that rock meant the Christ." Paul identifies the rock that followed Israel through the wilderness as Christ, and Deuteronomy says Jehovah alone led them. The only coherent reading is that the Jesus of the New Testament is included in the Jehovah of the Old. Pair with ("the Angel of his presence saved them") and (the Angel who bears Jehovah's name) and the Old Testament's own witness prepares the ground the New Testament walks on.