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Protestant Apologetics

2 Corinthians 1:1

NT Letters
2 Corinthians 1:1
1Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy our brother, To the church of God in Corinth, together with all the saints throughout Achaia:
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JW Usage

JWs read 2 Cor 1:1 as Paul's standard greeting to the Corinthian congregation. The Watchtower's two-class system treats the addressees — "the church of God in Corinth, with all the saints in Achaia" — as referring to the anointed remnant in those locations rather than every believer. On this reading, the rest of the letter (including the new- covenant passages of chapter 3) speaks to the 144,000 only, with the great-crowd majority understood as beneficiaries of what is addressed to others.

Protestant Usage

Paul addresses the letter to "the church of God that is in Corinth, with all the holy ones who are in all Achaia." The greeting is unconditional — there is no internal partition, no asterisk, no sub-class identifier. This greeting governs every "us" and "we" in the rest of the letter, including the pivotal "ministers of a new covenant" of 3:6 and the "we all... beholding the glory of the Lord" of 3:18. If only the 144,000 were in the new covenant, this greeting was Paul's moment to signal it; he does the opposite. The verse anchors the case that Paul's pronouns in chapter 3 carry no asterisks because the addressees in chapter 1 carry none.